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| 1919 |
| | | Afghanistan finally achieves international recognition as an independent nation | |
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| 1921 |
| | | An army officer, Reza Khan, becomes war minister after seizing control of Tehran with his Cossack brigade | |
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| 1925 |
| | | Reza Khan, by now prime minister of Iran, mounts a second coup to depose the last Qajar shah and begin his own Pahlavi dynasty | |
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| 1941 August |
| | | British and USSR troops invade Iran to depose the oil-rich Reza Shah, fearing that he may take the side of the Germans | |
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| 1941 September 16 |
| | | With British and Russian support, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi succeeds his deposed father as shah of Iran | |
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| 1943 March 20 |
| | | Mao Zedong becomes official leader of the Chinese Communist Party, as the elected Chairman of the Central Committee and the Politburo | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Exceptional Scythian remains are found in frozen burial mounds at Pazyryk, in the Altai region of Siberia | |
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| 1949 |
| | | The first Soviet atomic bomb, called by the Americans Joe One, is successfully tested in Kazakhstan | |
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| 1951 |
| | | The new Iranian prime minister, Mohammed Mossadegh, passes the Oil Nationalization Act, seizing Britain's assets in the region | |
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| 1953 |
| | | The first Soviet hydrogen bomb is successfully tested at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in Kazakhstan | |
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